|
The Adbusters Media Foundation is a Canadian-based not-for-profit, anti-consumerist, pro-environment〔("About" ). Adbusters Media Foundation. Retrieved 3 October 2011.〕 organization founded in 1989 by Kalle Lasn and Bill Schmalz in Vancouver, British Columbia. Adbusters describes itself as "a global network of artists, activists, writers, pranksters, students, educators and entrepreneurs who want to advance the new social activist movement of the information age."〔"(About Adbusters )." Adbusters Media Foundation. Retrieved 19 December 2010.〕 Characterized by some as anti-capitalist or opposed to capitalism,〔Eric Pfanner. (Fighting guerrilla graffiti ), New York Times, 15 March 2004〕 it publishes the reader-supported, advertising-free ''Adbusters'', an activist magazine with an international circulation of 40,000〔 〕 devoted to challenging consumerism. Past and present contributors to the magazine include Jonathan Barnbrook, Morris Berman, Simon Critchley, David Graeber, Michael Hardt, Chris Hedges, Bill McKibben, Jim Munroe, David Orrell, Douglas Rushkoff, Matt Taibbi, Slavoj Žižek, and others. Adbusters has launched numerous international campaigns, including Buy Nothing Day, TV Turnoff Week and Occupy Wall Street, and is known for their "subvertisements" that spoof popular advertisements. In English, Adbusters has bi-monthly American, Canadian, Australian, UK and International editions of each issue. Adbusters's sister organizations include ''Résistance à l'Aggression Publicitaire'' and ''Casseurs de Pub'' in France, ''Adbusters Norge'' in Norway, ''Adbusters Sverige'' in Sweden and ''Culture Jammers'' in Japan.〔(bndjapan.org ).〕〔(adbusters.cool.ne.jp ).〕 ==History== Adbusters was founded in 1989 by Kalle Lasn and Bill Schmalz, a duo of award-winning documentary filmmakers living in Vancouver. Since the early 1980s, Lasn had been making films that explored the spiritual and cultural lessons the West could learn from the Japanese experience with capitalism. In 1988, the British Columbia Council of Forest Industries, the "voice" of the logging industry, was facing tremendous public pressure from a growing environmentalist movement. The logging industry fought back with a television ad campaign called "Forests Forever."〔http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAzlAu3sK3A〕 It was an early example of greenwashing: shots of happy children, workers and animals with a kindly, trustworthy sounding narrator who assured the public that the logging industry was protecting the forest. Lasn and Shmalz were outraged by the use of the public airwaves to deliver what they felt was deceptive anti-environmentalist propaganda. And they responded by producing the "Talking Rainforest"〔http://www.adbusters.org/abtv/talking_rainforest.html〕 anti-ad in which an old-growth tree explains to a sapling that "a tree farm is not a forest." But the duo wasn't able to buy airtime on the same stations that had aired the forest-industry ad. According to a former Adbusters employee, "The CBC's reaction to the proposed television commercial created the real flash point for the Media Foundation. It seemed that Lasn and Schmaltz's commercial was too controversial to air on the CBC. An environmental message that challenged the large forestry companies was considered 'advocacy advertising' and was disallowed, even though the 'informational' messages that glorified clearcutting were OK."〔http://www.evolutionzone.com/kulturezone/futurec/culture.jammers.manifesto〕 The foundation was born out of their belief that citizens do not have the same access to the information flows as corporations. One of the foundation's key campaigns continues to be the Media Carta,〔http://www.adbusters.org/campaigns/mediacarta〕 a "movement to enshrine The Right to Communicate in the constitutions of all free nations, and in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights." The foundation notes that concern over the flow of information goes beyond the desire to protect democratic transparency, freedom of speech or the public's access to the airwaves. Although it supports these causes, the foundation instead situates the battle of the mind at the center of its political agenda. Fighting to counter pro-consumerist advertising is done not as a means to an end, but as the end in itself. This shift in emphasis is a crucial element of mental environmentalism. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adbusters」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|